A solution for plastering stoves: which is better to choose
How to make a mortar for plastering a stove? The stove is a fairly reliable source for heating a room, which is not affected by the gas supply, the absence of electric energy, diesel fuel. The article reveals the secrets of which solution to use for plastering furnaces.
The content of the article
Features furnish furnaces
The purpose of any plaster is to close up irregularities, remove roughness, and eliminate other surface defects.
However, for the fireplace and stove, the plaster should have such fundamental features as:
- High temperature resistance.
- Increased fire resistance.
- A large degree of plasticity.
- Resistance to cracking.
- Environmental cleanliness, which requires the absence of toxic substances in the room when using the stove.
In addition, when decorating furnaces, factors such as:
- Heating its elements.
- Expansion.
Why do you need stucco stove
Despite the fact that in the manufacture of the furnace, the craftsmen try to make it as durable and as airtight as possible, it is almost impossible to meet the unplastered structure.
There are several reasons for this:
- Finishing material allows you to change the interior of the room.
- Make the appearance of the building noble.
- The stucco composition for the clay furnace is an additional safety layer, which allows to increase the strength of the masonry and improve the tightness. This is due to objective reasons: temperature differences contribute to the appearance of cracks in the masonry, this will be a source of smoke entering the room, which will negatively affect the interior and people's health.
For plastering the oven, you can use:
- Clay sand mortar with cement or lime additives.
- A mixture of gypsum and lime.
- Compounds based on clay(cm.Clay plaster: composition and features of use) This is the most common option for coating the oven with your own hands.
Tip: Plaster the brickwork only after its final solidification, usually 30 days. In this case, shrinkage will not affect the finish.
When preparing the composition for plastering the furnace, it is necessary to observe certain proportions of the components used in the clay-sand mixture, which depend on the fat content of the clay itself - the main parameter of the composition. For example, with high fat content, the ratio is selected: one part of clay, in which 4 parts of sand are added.
Tip: To increase the strength of the mixture, add fiberglass or asbestos to the ready-mixed mortar for plastering the furnace.
To prepare a solution for plastering chimneys, slaked lime is necessarily added to the composition. Otherwise, due to condensation, the coating will simply fall off the existing brickwork.
How to make a clay based solution
Proper preparation of the solution and the period of its exposure, is the key to reliable operation of the structure for a long time.
To prepare a quality solution, take:
- One piece of plain clay.
Two parts of river sand. With increased fat content, the amount of sand increases: for one part of clay, three to four parts of sand are taken.
- Ground asbestos or fiberglass - at least a tenth of the total amount of composition. They serve to bind the solution and increase its strength.Sometimes such materials are replaced with straw or chopped hemp, which makes the solutions more environmentally friendly to human health.
What components are used in the preparation of complex mixtures for stove finishes.
Solutions for plastering furnaces can be made from:
- Lime.
- Cement.
- Gypsum.
For the lime-gypsum composition when plastering furnaces are taken:
- Slaked lime - 2 parts of a solution.
- Building gypsum - one part in the mixture.
- River sand is one part.
- Fiberglass or asbestos - a minimum of 0.2 parts by volume.
Tip: When preparing such a mixture, and then plastering the furnace, it must be borne in mind that gypsum hardens very quickly: after 5 minutes it will set, and after 30 minutes it will harden completely.
This property of gypsum allows it to be an excellent additive for making lime solutionsto increase their strength.
For the manufacture of cement-clay sand mortar you will need:
- Portland cement composition - one piece.
- Simple clay is one part.
- River sand - two parts.
- Asbestos - 0.1 part of the total composition.
For a clay-sandy mixture requires:
- Slaked lime is one part in the composition.
- River sand - two parts of the total volume.
- Asbestos - at least 0.1 parts of a solution.
How to make a mixture
When the composition of the mortar for the plaster of the furnace is prepared, it should be:
- Creamy.
- Not too thick, as in the photo.
To mix the plaster, it is better to use a drill with a nozzle, which will work as a mixer.
The instruction for plastering the furnace recommends:
- Prepare the constituent components.
- Soak clay in a large container for about a day so that it can be well saturated with liquid and swell.
- Sift sand, preferably river, sift to remove shells and other unnecessary inclusions. In this case, it is desirable to use the material dry, so that it is possible to accurately withstand the proportions of the stucco mortar, for finishing the stove.
- Cement is better to use the M400 brand. The hardening of this material begins after 15 minutes, and after 12 hours its setting is completed.
- The final strength of the applied cement layer on the surface of the furnaces will receive in 30 days.
Tip: Lime is an excellent plasticizer for the mixture. Its price is low, and astringent properties help ensure good adhesion on a brick surface. But the composition based on lime hardens very slowly, which should be considered if necessary to plaster the furnace.
- For high-quality solution application professional tools are purchased:
For better mixing of the composition, it is necessary to use a drill with a mixer nozzle, which will prevent the formation of lumps in the solution, give it uniformity, improve the appearance of the surface after plastering, and save the strength of the master.
Further:
- Masonry is prepared: it is cleaned of the remnants of the previous mortar with a spatula or brush for metal, dust using a soft brush.
Tip: Between the bricks, you should clean the joints to a depth of 10 millimeters to ensure better adhesion of the mortar to the base.
- At the joints, cloves are clogged with a length of 45 millimeters, in increments of not more than 150 millimeters, and protruding outward by 10 millimeters.
- The surface is primed (see Why do we need a primer: technological nuances of finishing work).
- Before applying any solution, special substrates for plaster are used - a coarse-mesh metal mesh that is pre-installed on the stove. This technique will strengthen the plaster layer and give it good strength with the constant action of extreme temperature jumps.Sometimes master stove-makers take a special burlap for stoves for the reinforcing layer. For this, the material is adhered to the solution so that no air gaps arise. This method effectively improves the operational properties of the outer layer of the furnace.
Tip: Plastering should only be done on hot walls.
- The brickwork is well wetted by water.
- The first layer of the solution is applied, the consistency of liquid sour cream.
- After hardening, a second layer is applied, up to 10 millimeters thick.
- After drying, the surface is pre-wetted with water and leveled.
Tip: If cracks appear, after the last layer of plaster has dried, the defects should be embroidered, carefully moistened with water, thoroughly filled with a solution, after drying - wipe.
How to make a mortar for plastering the furnace, the composition of the components, the technology of coating the material can be seen in the video in this article.
