The composition of the plaster: what are the mixtures

Gusevsky Andrey Anatolyevich

Plaster mix composition

Structure popular types of facade plaster in the modern world includes many components. Such decorative elements as murals and various stucco moldings were made from this material. In today's world there is a huge amount of plaster. Highly qualified specialists can turn this material into a masterpiece of the present.

Today we will determine what the composition of the stucco mixture is and where it can be applied. Also in the video in this article you can see additional information on this issue.

Kind of plaster

Plaster comes in several forms, each of them has its own composition and characteristics. Let us consider in more detail all types of such a finishing material and the conditions for its use. Anyone can do it yourself and then the finish price will be much lower. The main thing is to choose exactly what you need. You will also learn what plaster consists of.

Dry plaster

Drywall sheets are often used to decorate the walls of a room (seeGypsum plasterboard technology: installation methods) They are made in special conditions in factories.

In order for the finishing process to be high-quality and fast, it is necessary to know the dimensions and characteristics of this material:

• For installation, it is better to use a galvanized profile. It is attached to the walls with brackets and measured in level.
• The size of the sheet must be taken into account when placing it on any surface. Drywall is attached to the profile with screws.
• In those places where there are gaps and nervousness, putty is coated and cleaned. To achieve a perfectly flat surface, it is necessary to use an abrasive mesh of various consistencies.

The advantages of dry plaster are:

• Speed ​​of execution of work. This is due to the fact that installation is carried out without "water" processes.
• Low cost. Independent installation work using dry plaster is cost-free.
• Ease of building drywall walls, as well as various surfaces.
• Also, you can make the alignment of the plane without increasing the weight on the supporting structure.
• With this finishing material you can make several levels of finish. It is also used when it is necessary to make mortise spotlights.

The disadvantages of dry plaster include:

• The material is whimsical to changes in temperature and humidity;
• Short-lived and fragile.

Monolithic

In order to align or add any color or texture to the interior, you need to use monolithic plaster. This material is not susceptible to high humidity and temperature, and is also resistant to external influences.

The advantages of this type of plaster are:

• Small size
• Strength,
• Universality.

Attention: Monolithic plaster makes the structure heavier, high in cost, and also makes the work process longer due to the need to dry each layer.

The wet look of the finishing material includes ordinary plaster and decorative.

• The main objective of the usual form is to prepare the surface for subsequent gluing or painting.
• In the decorative version, it is good to make the structure of the plane.

This composition for plastering walls for communication includes various components, components, it can be:

• Based on lime (cm. We prepare ourselves a mortar for lime plaster), which is often chosen because of the ease of preparation of the mixture. The solution for work is prepared with lime and sand. If you buy the finished mixture, then it may also contain synthetic particles that serve to harden.
• Acrylic basedwhich are unpretentious to changes in temperature and humidity. The main advantage of this material is its elasticity, which makes it indispensable when working with old surfaces.
• Based on polymer cementcharacterized in that they are fire resistant. This is due to the fact that polymers are included in the composition, which increase the mechanical characteristics of the finishing material.
• From the composition of various resinswhich are unpretentious to negative weather conditions and do not break up under the influence of moisture.

Cement plaster

This composition of the stucco mixture with your own hands is done most often. This plaster composition with the main component for bonding has cement. The composition is divided into brands, the plaster composition of m25 will be less durable than the m500.

Stucco of which cement consists

• You can do it yourself without any problems. The price of the components is not high.
• Perfect for exterior decoration.
• It tolerates temperature extremes and high humidity.

Color decorative

In colored decorative (seeWall decoration with decorative plaster: create a beautiful interior) in plasters, the link for all its constituent components is a substance based on acrylic, dyes or quartz sand. The composition of the facade plaster is usually sold in the form of a finished mixture.

• This material is used for smoothing surfaces indoors, as well as for self-finishing of door and window frames.
• Decorative colored plaster can be found on the front side of buildings. Most often, this finishing material has the appearance of a small stone.
• Plaster decorative composition is quite different, when buying should be studied the instructions and the parameters of its application.

Stone

Stone plaster is used to decorate various surfaces:

Stucco finish

• The first step in this process will be the application of stone lines. This can be done using a special thread for marking.
• Next, a pre-selected type of plaster is applied. When the solution hardens, you can start carving on the pebbles.
• The soft mixture is removed at a distance of about one third of the entire layer.

The main component for stone plaster is a crumb of granite or marble (see Facade stucco with marble chips: types, features, application methods) Such finishing material can be found on foundations, columns and other elements of buildings.

Terrazite

Terrazitic plaster is often used in the decoration of the exterior of buildings as an imitation of a stone surface.

Let us consider in more detail how the process of facing this material takes place:

• First, the future decor pattern is applied to the surface. In this case, the characteristics of the plaster must be taken into account. For this type of finish, a mixture of cement, lime and mica is used. Fine crumbs of stone and sand are the components for this solution.
• A mesh in the form of a wave or groove is applied to a still soft layer of material. This work can be done using various tools at your discretion. For concrete walls it is better to use a hammer or chisel. Waves should be placed horizontally at a distance of about 4 cm from each other.
• In order to apply terrazite plaster to the surface, it must be pre-moistened.15 minutes before covering with decorative material, the wall must be sprayed with water.
• Next, you need to process this finishing material using scraping. The result of this process will be a shiny and smooth surface.
• The last step in finishing with terrazite plaster will be the upholstery of the top layer with a chisel or other tool. With the help of sandblasting equipment, we complete the coating work.

Sgraffito - art

To achieve a beautiful coating with a relief pattern, graffiti-art plaster is used.

Remember! The process of preparing this type of plaster is to use multi-colored layers. The final step in this process will be to get rid of some of the layers to create a pattern.

All the finishing work with the above type of plaster can be divided into several stages:

• After applying the layer, it must be rubbed and evened. The number of layers is chosen at your discretion. The most optimal amount is five or six.
• The second step will be marking the picture. To do this, most often use a template and chalk. After the drawing is outlined, you can begin to apply a layer of plaster. This process begins with plaster coating along the contour, and then according to the intended pattern.
• The result is a relief pattern that fits perfectly into the design of the front side of the building.

Venetian

This type of plaster in its composition must have acrylic, limestone or marble powder.

• The subtlety and beauty of this material consists in applying a large number of thin layers to the surface. Wall covered venetian stuccoshimmers in the sun. This effect is obtained due to the different depths of application of the material.
• It is distinguished by its expensive cost and requires a more careful attitude compared to its other types. The process of applying Venetian plaster may require the assistance of a qualified professional.
• It is suitable for decorating fireplaces and stoves.
• As a result of laborious work, a cladding with a thickness of about 5 mm will appear, which will shimmer in the sun and delight with its beauty and aesthetics.

Attention: This decorative plaster composition is worth a lot, so alignment of the plane should be done with cement mortar and the final finish is Venetian.

Plaster selection

To date there are a large number of types of plaster. In order to choose the right finishing material, you need to know all its characteristics.

• Stucco varies in value. At the moment, it has become fashionable to use imported finishing materials, which are of high price. But the high cost does not always guarantee good quality. From this it follows that domestic material is preferable to foreign analogues.
• The design of rooms both inside and outside requires a combination of colors and materials. Otherwise, harmony in the interior will be absent.

Attention: From the above it follows that the plaster must be chosen not only by cost, but by design and color.

Surface preparation for any plaster

Apply plaster, observing all the requirements for this type of work. In the future, the result of the work will please with its beauty not one, but many years.

The whole process of plastering is divided into the following stages:

• The first step is to clean the surface of excess debris. Then the wall must be wetted with a 3% hydrochloric acid solution.
• If the surface is wooden, then it is better to use a ready-made mixture of lime and gypsum.
• If the surface is made of concrete, the first thing to do is to apply cement milk.
• The second coat is applied primer, then - facing coating.
• If decorative plaster is used, the number of layers can reach up to eight. The thickness of the plaster should be about two centimeters.
• The lining process must be carried out at a time. Otherwise, flaws may occur on the wall surface.
• Another condition that must be observed during work is pre-prepared beacons. They are necessary in order to be sure that the previous layer of plaster is completely frozen.
• It is most convenient to apply plaster with a spatula. If the surface is large, then it is better to choose a trowel.

The advantages of facades and other surfaces that were lined with plaster are considered to be that they:

• Have an aesthetic and beautiful appearance;
• They give a harmonious design;
• Create additional warming of the room;
• Durable
• Resistant to changes in temperature and humidity;
• Give the building a presentable appearance.

Attention: The composition of the facade plaster is better to take on the basis of cement. This durable finish and not expensive.

The plaster composition of the mass will mainly depend on the application layer. Therefore, never rush, choose the most suitable composition.