Sandwich panel lining: technologies for frame-panel construction and wall decoration
A sandwich panel for a house cladding is not one specific material. There are many varieties of such panels, which are inherently a multilayer composite.
There are options that can be used not only for decoration, but also constructively. The types and properties of these materials, as well as how sandwich panels are coated, will be discussed in this article.
The content of the article
The use of multilayer panels
Sandwich panels consist of two face layers and a warming core between them. Their aesthetics, weight, dimensions and technical capabilities depend on which raw materials are used in production.
So:
- Sandwich panels for facade cladding can have a shell made of wood-polymer plates (OSB), a bent metal profile, a thin layer of aluminum. The first two options are able to withstand quite large loads, and in terms of performance are inferior, perhaps, to masonry and concrete. In addition, they are fireproof.
- Therefore, these types of panels are used as structural material for the erection of walls of capital buildings. And if sandwich modules based on profiled steel sheet are more often used for the construction of industrial facilities, then wall panels based on OSB boards are perfectly suitable for the construction of frame-type residential buildings.
- With their help, you can quickly enough, with your own hands to build a country house, a temporary hut, a garage. You will also be pleasantly surprised by the price of the material, which will significantly reduce the cost of construction.
It is also important that the appearance of the building erected from panels based on OSB plates, which are also called SIP panels (see.Exterior decoration of the house from vulture panels: do it yourself), can look very worthy.
Such sandwich panels are made without facing, or rather, without finishing, which makes it possible to think about the design of the facade. But the photo above shows one of the options for decorative decoration of such walls.
SIP Technology
The abbreviation "SIP" stands for structural thermal insulation panel. This is just a term meaning that this material is not monolithic, but has a certain structure.
SIP technology was invented in the USA in the middle of the last century. In our country, it appeared relatively recently, during the perestroika years, quickly gaining popularity in housing construction.
So:
- Today, many manufacturers offer not only SIP panels, as such, but all the other details of the frame house in the kit. They are accompanied by detailed assembly instructions for assemblies of load-bearing structures, which allows minimizing the amount of waste when cutting materials.
- Sandwich panels for wall claddinghave dimensions: 2800 * 1250 and 2500 * 1250 mm, as well as additional options having half width. The length can vary significantly, from which, in fact, their value is added up.
The thickness of such panels is usually standard: external 174 mm, internal 124 mm, ceilings and roof 224 mm. - Compared to brick, block, and even wooden walls, cladding sandwich panels have a relatively low weight - within 20kg / m2. This allows you to put the house on a shallow tape, or columnar foundation.
If the foundation is already ready, and the concrete has gained the necessary strength, the frame can be installed and paneled with the help of a team of three people in less than a month.
- First, the basement is tied with a skull bar. It serves as a support for floor elements, which are also sandwich panels, only thicker and more durable than wall ones.
After mounting the plates, all joints are insulated with a sealant based on foamed polyurethane, closed with an end strip, and treated with bitumen mastic from the outside. Then install the rack frame and proceed to hanging the panels. - Wall installation begins with corner panels, installing them at right angles to the strapping beam. Additional fastenings are made with special nails and self-tapping screws, and the gaps are closed with foam.
Since all structural elements have factory preparation for installation, the parts fit perfectly in size and grooves. In the above diagram, each element is clearly visible.
- After installation, Wall panels along the upper perimeter are also fixed with a strapping beam. If the area of the house requires it, I-beams are mounted, and then the floor is covered with slabs.
Further, again the strapping beam, which now serves as the basis for installing the panels of the second or attic floor. - The floor-mounted technology for their installation is carried out similarly, after which they begin to equip the roof.
After that, there will be only the finishing facing of the wall sandwich panels. They can not only be painted, but also faced with small-format tiles, mosaics or stone, or, having mounted a reinforcing mesh on the surface, plastered. - In general, the same thing happens when sandwich panel facades are lined with modules based on smooth or profiled steel sheet. Only the front surface of metal multilayer panels does not need finishing. They are already painted in the factory - and it is very convenient.
- This type of panel has a more solid weight, and, accordingly, the building needs a more powerful foundation. Therefore, a sandwich panel based on a profiled sheet is not mounted on a wooden, but on a metal frame - which we see in the photo.
By the way, metal sandwich modules can differ in the way of fastening: there is already not only a tongue-and-groove version, but lock joints and screws as additional fasteners.
This type of panel is mainly used for the assembly of industrial buildings. They have not gained popularity in housing, unless used as roofing material.
Nobody wants a house to look like a farm building or a hangar. To create a more beautiful and original facade, completely different panels are used.
Sandwich panels facing
In the previous chapter, we talked about the structural types of sandwich panels. But there are also purely facing options that are used only as a decorative material.
Usually this is a thinner sheet of aluminum, also having a heat-insulating layer.
So:
- The magnificent aesthetic properties of composite sheet panels allow them to be used for the decoration of office and office buildings, public facilities and sports facilities.
Sandwich panels made of aluminum can be matte and glossy, coated with colored varnish, have a polymer or powder coating. There are even chased texture options for plastering. - Decorative multilayer panels are mounted on the crate, according to the system of ventilated facades. Moreover, both long sheets and cassettes made of them can participate in the decoration.
In the process of their manufacture, the sheets are bent, cut, milled, obtaining a module of the desired configuration. Who are interested in this topic, you can watch the video, learn step by step instructions.
- The result is a beautiful, warm, and quite respectable facade. The most famous brands of aluminum composite sheet panels are Alufas, Alucobond, KrasPan, Goldstar, Polyalpan. They are mounted on a metal profile frame, in the cells of which a heater can be laid.
- The nuances of arranging the frame under the panel of a particular brand differ depending on the format of the sheets, or the installed cassettes. But the essence is the same: between the panels and the supporting wall, or insulation, if it is present in the structure, there should be a gap.
It promotes the free circulation of air in the inner space, and this is important. - Good ventilation prevents excessive formation and accumulation of condensate, thereby prolonging the life of all structural elements. The necessary indentation of the decorative surface is provided either by the height of the shelf of the supporting profile, or by brackets, depending on the configuration of the frame.
- Aluminum sheet panels bend perfectly, which makes it possible to clad a facade of any architectural complexity. That is why, they are often used for cladding columns, and not only from the facade, but also inside the building.
- In general, there is another option for interior decoration: a sandwich panel based on PVC. This material is used in the manufacture of PVC door blocks, as a filling of the blind part of the canvas.
It is great for decorating vertical and horizontal surfaces, and is widely used for insulation and interior decoration of balconies and loggias. - If the wall is smooth, then you can even do without mounting the crate, mounting the panels in an adhesive way. Thus, for example, the facing of door and window slopes is produced. Sheathing the walls of the loggia, it is much more convenient to mount the sandwich panels on the crate - this will additionally warm the room.
Usually, wooden slats or bars are used for this purpose, but a profile is also possible. In general, this process is practically no different from lining with paper-laminated plastic.
The second option for interior decoration is preferred, however, more often. The reason is that it has a wide range of colors, while the sandwich panels made of PVC are just white.