Types of paints for walls and their characteristics

Gusevsky Andrey Anatolyevich

Types of Wall Paints

The types of paints for walls are quite different. The choice will primarily be influenced by the host environment. The volume of the room will also affect, because there are different types of painting the walls, if the area is large, then it will be necessary to use a spray gun and not any dye will do.

It is about the rules for choosing dyes that we will talk today. In the video and photo you can see different options for the material and choose the one that suits you.

Dye Selection Rules and Features

Types of wall paints primarily differ in the environment of use

Here they are divided into two main types:

• For exterior surfaces. And this dye will perfectly tolerate temperature extremes and a humid environment. Its price is slightly higher from internal dyes.
• Paints for interior surfaces. This material is used only in heated rooms. Otherwise, the coating will become unusable quite quickly.

Attention: On the packaging of each dye there is an instruction on the modes of use. Pay attention to this first.

The mechanism of action of any paint is the appearance on the treated area of ​​the film, hiding the surface, stably protecting it from various influences. This is the light of the sun, rain, dust, corrosion.

The chemical composition of paints includes elements called a carrier, a binder, a pigment. Thanks to the binder, a continuous film is formed from the pigment particles after drying, having the required adhesion to the surface. The brightness of the paint depends on the amount of pigment.

Modern technologies of manufacturers use this moment to create paints of various color saturation, matte, glossy.

Attention: When selecting paint, take into account that glossy types of materials reveal any flaws in surface preparation. The carrier gives the composition ductility, smoothness as a result of dyeing. Evaporation occurs during the drying process. Depending on the film-forming base of the paint, there are alkyd, silicate, emulsion, adhesive.

Varieties of dyes

Arriving at the shopping center, on the construction market, endless rows of beautiful jars can be examined for a long time. It is useful to know that the first letters of the inscriptions on them indicate the type of film-forming system.

For example, AD (polyamides), AK (polyacryls). According to the operating conditions, the main groups are facade paints for external work and used in interior (interior) decoration.

Emulsion paints

The chemical composition in the form of an emulsion is created by distributing a bonding base, various coloring particles in water. Durable emulsion in dry form is not washed off. The paints dry quickly, do not have an unpleasant odor, are resistant to alkalis, and are easily washed off before drying, which creates certain comforts in work.

After emulsion paints, you can create options for changing the interior on other types of material. But emulsion solutions themselves cannot be applied to surfaces with the previous treatment with glossy, glue types of paints.

Emulsion paints are available in the following types:

Venetian wall paint

• Water based paintswater dispersible

The common properties of these species are strong adhesion to the surface without peeling, good permeability of air currents, water vapor.

Application of water-based paint for walls

1. They are used in humid environments. Paints are not frost-resistant. They are able to save the selected color for a long time.
2. The difference is observed in the existence of matt water-based compositions with a wide variety of color shades, which, unfortunately, are gradually washed off.
3. Among them there are special types used to create volumetric effects.
4. Due to the high plasticity with their help create patterns of complex shape on the painted area.
5. Water-dispersion varieties of paints having, for example, white color, withstand repeated washing and Italian wall paints are particularly successful in this regard.
6. They are applied to the surface at a temperature not lower than + 5C.

Attention: Here you can purchase in retail chains paint coloring for walls and pick the right shade.

• Acrylic

Acrylic resins are used as a bonding element, creating the elasticity necessary when working, for example, with wooden elements.

Apply acrylic paint for walls

1. Paints are able to close small hair cracks with a thickness of about 0.5 mm.
2. After high-quality drying, they become frost-resistant, able to protect, for example, walls made of reinforced concrete.
3. The property of low gas impermeability requires the use of paint for plaster not earlier than 30 days after its hardening.

Attention: On damp walls this type of paint composition is not recommended, despite their high mechanical stability.

• Latex paint

Of all emulsion types of paints, they are considered the most expensive. This is due to the use of latex in the production technology, which creates a very powerful water-repellent effect.

Latex paint

1. Due to this, hair defects about 1 mm thick are hidden, the surface can withstand repeated washing with alkaline solutions without any disturbance.
2. Latex paints are applied on the area of ​​concrete, brick, drywall. The paint dries quickly. The second layer is applied after 15, 20 minutes on the wallpaper, plaster, ceiling.
3. It does not have a heavy smell, which is convenient to use. Paint has a lower light fastness than acrylic types.
4. A distinctive feature of latex paints is the ability to obtain a mirror-smooth, matte silky surfaces with an original shine.
5. The solvent is water, which makes it easy to remove unwanted splashes with a wet cloth. Such golden wall paint looks especially nice.

• Polyvinyl acetate

Some of the inexpensive, but environmentally friendly, suitable for painting ceilings, types of emulsion paints. Frequent washing is not recommended to avoid partial washing off of the paint. Resistant to destruction by ultraviolet.

• Silicone

A bonding element in the form of emulsified silicone resin provides high water repellent properties.

Decoration of walls with silicone paint

1. The film formed after drying, perfectly passes water vapor, air. Elastic. Hides defects about 2 mm in size.
2. Even on the plaster paint is applied after 50 hours, instead of thirty days. The coating allows wet processing. It does not allow the development of harmful microorganisms. The disadvantage is the high cost.
3. In this segment, chameleon paint for walls is also available.

Alkyd paints

A popular type of material based on alkyd resin. Often used for painting elements from metal, wood, pre-plastered walls. Waterproof, non-harmful, waterproof. Do not have a negative impact on human health.

Their main types are:

Silicate paint

The chemical composition contains liquid glass, which provides high rates of vapor, breathability, temperature differences, and low sensitivity to water.

Water is used to dilute paints:

• When working, take into account that silicate paints are not applied to walls that were previously coated with acrylic, alkyd compounds. After them, there will also be great difficulties in case of replacement with another option of coatings.
• This dye is available with various additives and wall paint with sparkles and other additives can be selected.

Adhesive paints

To create apply organic polymers dissolved in water. According to the properties of the paint, they approach emulsion types, but their resistance to water is much lower.

Recommended for use indoors. Manufacturers produce them in dry form. The paints are diluted with water immediately before use.

Their main types are:

Facade paints

The main requirement for them is increased resistance to atmospheric conditions:

• This is a weak fading in active sunlight, mechanical resistance under the influence of repeated rains, snow. The requirements must be met regardless of the type of surface to be coated, for example, wood, concrete, brick, metal.
• Numerous manufacturers offer acrylic, silicate, silicone compounds as facade paints. The technology of their creation provides for the difference in operation, application from the same paints used for indoor.
• As a rule, their plasticity parameter is higher. The surface of the exterior walls is not so smooth. Paint grip is different than indoors.
• Typically, the packaging indicates what type of work the paint is intended for. This factor must be clarified when selecting paint.

Modern technologies offer a wide selection of silicone paints, combining the best properties of silicate, acrylic options. Paints form a film that is resistant to water on any mineral surface, which is practically not contaminated, always looks clean.

Special paints

Sometimes the specifics of the premises may require the use of special dyes. It can be anti-vandal paint for walls or non-combustible paint for walls. It is in these cases that special dyes will be required.

When selecting paint, all applications are considered.This is a type of housing, general lighting of rooms, age of residents, harmonious connection with all rooms.

The list of general requirements may look as follows:

• Premises for a long stay of a person. This is a living room. Bedroom, offices, study. Finishing is recommended with breathable paints that allow air to pass through. These are all types of water-dispersible, acrylic paints.
• Kitchens, bathrooms, utility rooms are recommended to be painted with oil, glossy, certain types of water-dispersion paints, forming a dense film that protects the surface well.
• Children's rooms are painted with water-dispersion paints that allow air to pass through, creating a special microclimate that is beneficial for the child’s body. There are no toxic elements in the paint.
• The choice of colors for the entire apartment is important for the mental state of the residents. To create a pleasant, cozy atmosphere that improves mood, light shades of the selected type of paint help. Curtains, furniture, cozy lamps effectively complement the beauty of the walls, ceiling.

You can apply any of these dyes with your own hands and there is a detailed article on our website for the proper preparation and application of each of the materials.