Finishing and insulation of the facade of the house: choose the material

Gusevsky Andrey Anatolyevich

Clinker facade
Clinker facade

To make the house look solid, adorn the street, and delight the eyes of the people living in it, the exterior decoration must be done well. Only then does the building take on a finished look.
Whatever material the walls of the house are laid out, they need to be insulated. And it’s better to do it outside than inside.
Home insulation and facade decoration are two interrelated technological processes in construction. They solve several problems at once: protecting the building from adverse atmospheric influences, saving coolant and decorating the external surface of the walls.
This article will discuss how to do these works with your own hands and what materials will be required for this.

Facade insulation

Finishing and insulation of facades is necessary not only for new buildings, but also for long-running buildings. If during their construction the external walls were not protected, cracks and crumbling sections will appear on them over the years.
Therefore, they need repairs more often than inside the house. It’s better to once overhaul the facade - and you can no longer think about the need for repairs.

Training

So:

  • As in any finishing work, before starting the facade cladding, the foundation is prepared. If this is a house under construction, then special preparation is not required - all types of work are carried out in a certain sequence.
    Unless you need a little surface cleaning.
  • It is necessary to remove all protruding elements from the operating building, before the start of thermal insulation works: drainage channels, air conditioning units, lighting devices, window tides, as well as all communications located in the plane of the insulated walls.
  • If the old walls were plastered, this layer is checked by tapping for strength. Places that make a dull sound must be marked with chalk - there are internal voids.
    These areas will have to be cleaned of plaster, primed, and repaired again.
  • In the event that pieces of old plaster easily fall off with little effort, it is better to remove it completely. Then the insulation of the facade of the house and decoration can be performed in accordance with generally accepted technology.

Materials their use

Since the heat-insulating layer will be fixed to the wall with glue, its surface must be treated with a primer. This will improve the adhesion of materials to each other.
So:

  • Primers are sold and ready to use, and in the form of concentrates that need to be diluted with water, as the instructions on the package prescribe. The composition is applied to the wall with a roller with a long handle.
    Where a roller cannot be reached, an ordinary mclavice brush will help.
Different types of soil
Different types of soil

Advice! When buying a primer, be sure to pay attention to the fact that it was intended for outdoor use, or was universal.

  • As a heater, several types of materials are used. The lightest and easiest to install is polystyrene, or an extruded polystyrene foam similar to it.
    As you can see, it is produced not only in the form of plates, but also as a rolled material, consisting of narrow strips glued to the base.
Plate and roll polystyrene foam
Plate and roll polystyrene foam
  • This material has the only negative - it is extremely combustible.Therefore, it is better for them not to insulate wooden houses, and for concrete and brick walls - this is quite a suitable option, and its price is the lowest.
  • The most popular insulation is mineral, or fiberglass. It is also available in plates and rolls, and is used to insulate any structures and surfaces.
Glass wool
Glass wool
  • For laying thermal insulation, a frame of wooden bars or metal profiles is built on the walls. If it is a tree, then it must be treated with an antiseptic. The aluminum profile is not afraid of moisture, so it does not need additional protection.
Insulation scheme with wood paneling
Insulation scheme with wood paneling
  • Having determined the lower point from which warming will begin, marking is made using the level. The starting line should go along all the walls, the external and internal corners of the building.
    In order to keep the bottom row of thermal insulation, a profile is installed along the marking line along the basement.
  • While the glue is dry, the plates can move, and the start profile will securely fix them. Then, with a step corresponding to the width of the insulation, vertical bars are mounted.
  • The resulting insulating cells will fit into the insulating layer. You can familiarize yourself with this issue in detail by watching the video, reading the necessary literature.
Adhesive for insulation
Adhesive for insulation
  • When the crate is ready, you can proceed with the installation of insulation. For this, a special glue is used, served in a dry form.
    It has all the necessary components that can only be mixed with water.
  • The adhesive mixture is applied to the surface of the wall. If it is perfectly even, then the glue is evenly distributed over the entire surface.
    But most often there are bumps that can be smoothed out with just this solution - just the notch in the wall is filled with glue.
Izospan - vapor barrier film
Izospan - vapor barrier film
  • Insulation needs additional protection after installation. This protection is called vapor barrier. Usually, a plastic film or a special foil, isospan, is placed on top of mineral wool.
  • But there are also types of thermal insulation materials that are produced with a foil-coated top layer. They do not need additional insulation.
  • Three to four days after completion of work, the insulation layer must be nailed to the wall. This time is required for the glue to dry completely.
    For this, special dowels are used, in shape resembling fungi. The photo below clearly shows how they look.
Scheme of the insulated facade
Scheme of the insulated facade
  • The plates are fixed in the corners and in the center, six dowels are used for each of them, sometimes more, depending on the size of the sheet. Around door and window openings, fastenings are made more often.
    A wide nail head should not protrude more than 1 mm above the surface of the insulation.
Fiberglass mesh
Fiberglass mesh

Depending on which exterior decoration method is chosen, a fiberglass reinforcing mesh is used instead of the film. This grid, glued to the insulation, creates a vapor-tight layer, and allows you to plaster the insulated surface, revet with a tile or decorative stone.

What is a ventilated facade

One cannot but mention such a concept as a ventilated facade. Its essence is that between the cladding and the insulating layer an air cushion is created, which prevents the humidifier from humidifying and the formation of condensation on the inner surface of the cladding.
So:

  • Warming and decoration of facades in this way, has been used in our country relatively recently, after it gained popularity in European countries.
  • To create such a design, you can purchase materials separately. But there are options offered by the manufacturers complete. This kit consists of a metal frame and facade cladding.
  • All kinds of panels, cassettes, porcelain stoneware, siding are offered as cladding, the design of which provides for special fastenings that allow them to be fixed to the frame.
Ventilated facade
Ventilated facade
  • Some types of ventilated facades do not provide for the use of an insulating layer - this function is performed by cladding elements. Often it depends on the climatic zone in which the building is operated.
    In the northern regions, a layer of insulation is necessary, and sometimes even double.

By purchasing the design in the kit, insulation and decoration of the facade of the house is greatly facilitated - a detailed installation and operating manual is attached to it.

Facade decoration

So, the facade insulation works are completed, you can proceed to the cladding. Until it is done, construction or repair cannot be considered completed.
Facade decoration and insulation greatly affect both the comfort of living in it and the life of the building. We will tell you about the most popular types of exterior wall decoration.

Clinker

This material is one of the most popular, proven over the centuries options. Clinker has been known for five centuries.
At one time they forgot about him, but recently interest in him has grown unusually. The homeland of this material is Holland.
So:

  • Having no reserves of natural stone, which in those days was paved with roads, the Dutch invented a material that is in no way inferior to it in strength. The raw material for its production was clay, which was abundant in these parts.
  • After some time, it became clear that the advantages of the clinker allow you to use it not only in road, but also in housing construction, as well as as a decorative finish for various structures.
  • The production technology of this material was reduced to a long exposure of the clay mass in a high-temperature furnace. Raw bricks, molded by hand, were placed in a furnace, coal was placed on top, burned and bricked holes.
  • Thus, an airtight chamber with a constant temperature was created, which was kept until the coal was completely burned. What is most surprising, but this technology has not undergone any special changes to this day.
  • Shale clay, used in the production of clinker, has high ductility, practically does not contain impurities in the form of salts and chalk. Various types of facing bricks and clinker tiles are made from this mass, and not only.
Some types of clinker cladding
Some types of clinker cladding
  • Other products are also made from it, for example: window sills, window tides, steps. Their structure is very dense, not porous, practically does not absorb moisture.
    For laying clinker products, special mixtures are used, which, like the others, are sold dry in bags and simply diluted with water.
  • The surface of the products is most resistant to abrasion, so with their help not only the decoration of facades and insulation is carried out, but also the improvement of house territories, stairs, sidewalks, as well as landscape design.
Facade, and the adjacent territory clinker
Facade, and the adjacent territory clinker

Such a coating is very durable. In Europe, where this type of decoration is the most popular, there are many buildings clinker lined with over one hundred years old.
So, choosing this material to decorate your home, you will never have to regret it.

Decorative plaster

In the decoration of private houses, decorative plaster is found most often. Still, this material is much cheaper than clinker or stone.
Yes, and color solutions, in this case, much more, because the plastered surface can be painted in any shade.

Types of terrazite plasters
Types of terrazite plasters

Structural plasters, such as “bark beetle” or “pebble”, as well as terrazitic texture mixtures, using fillers in the form of marble chips or mica, are very popular. Before starting the plastering work, insulation is done - and the facade of the house is decorated with plaster, on top of a reinforcing mesh glued to insulation.

Decorative rock

Such decoration is the most expensive, because its price includes not only the price of the material, but also manual work, quite painstaking.
So:

  • There are many types of decorative stone, both natural and artificial.The second option, of course, is cheaper.
    It is produced on a cement or gypsum basis. The advantage of using one kind or another depends on the foundation on which the stone tiles will be laid.
  • If, for example, the facade insulation is made of polystyrene foam, it is better to use a stone on a gypsum basis, since it simply can not withstand a heavier decorative surface.
Partial facade cladding with stone
Partial facade cladding with stone

It is not necessary to carry out a continuous facade cladding with stone. As a decoration, they finish only some elements of the building: a basement, a veranda, a porch with steps, columns, and panels.
At the same time, the main finishing material can be at least plaster, at least some panels. Quite often, in the exterior decoration of the house, a lining board is used, namely a block house.
This kind of board looks like a rounded bar. Whatever method of decorating the house you choose, the main thing is that the production technology is followed, then your house will be not only warm, but also elegant.

Add a comment

Materials

Doors

Wallpaper