Apparatus for applying plaster: features of use
The plaster apparatus for mechanized wall decoration helps a person to get rid of hard manual labor. This is especially important when performing repairs on a large facility in a short time. Stuccoing is a process of leveling walls with special mixtures. It allows you to replace the execution of work with your own hands by a mechanical method, while preparing the mixture and applying it to the surface.
The content of the article
Features of mechanized plaster
If during manual operation:
- The mixture needs to be prepared in small portions due to its quick solidification, in about 50 minutes.
- Operations are slow.
- Even an experienced plasterer will not be able to prepare a solution of the same consistency each time.
- It is impossible to apply the mixture simultaneously on the entire surface:
- the solution is kneaded;
- pounces on the wall.
As a result, part of the wall almost dries up, the second dries up, and only pours on the third solution. As a result, the surface is scaly, which over time can lead to bumps and cracks.
Unlike the manual process, mechanized allows you to:
- Apply quickly and evenly..
- Get better surface finishes.
- Save solution - much less is used. This is due to the fact that when the unit is mixing, the mixture is saturated with air, this increases the volume of the solution.
So, with manual plastering, about 16 kilograms of mortar is needed to finish one square meter of area, and when using the apparatus –13 kilograms. On one layer, 3 kilograms are saved. When applying three layers, this difference is already 9 kilograms, which means that the price of the material will be less.
- To process facades and walls in a shorter time, which significantly increases labor productivity. On the surface, the device applies the solution much faster. This allows you to use a wider spatula and a longer rule than when working manually. The surface of the wall is more even, which is very important for further surface finishing.
The principle of operation of the unit and the technology of applying the solution
The main element of the plaster apparatus is the capacity:
- Water enters into it and a dry mixture is poured. The proportions of the materials are programmed, which allows you to get a solution of only the desired consistency.
- Here, the composition is thoroughly mixed, loosened, saturated with oxygen.
Then:
- The mixture is applied to the surface through hoses.
- The use of special nozzles allows covering a large area in a minimum amount of time, while large rules and spatula smooth out this surface in a few minutes.
Tip: With mechanized plastering, one or two workers can perform a large amount of work, at a speed of up to five times faster than manually.
Instructions for plastering include:
- Using the level, the curvature of the walls is measured.
- At external corners, beacon guides made of aluminum are installed. This work is done manually.
- The device is connected to the mains and water supply.
- Dry mix is poured into the hopper of the plastering machine.
Tip: If there is no water supply at the construction site, you should use the pump included in the equipment kit. It delivers fluid to the hopper, regardless of the type of tank.
- The plaster mix is delivered to the mixer by feeding the auger.
- The composition is thoroughly mixed with water until a uniform consistency is obtained.
- Mixing occurs constantly during the whole process of the machine, which allows to obtain a solution of a sufficiently high quality.
- The mixture through the mortar hose enters the surface to be treated and is evenly applied to it, as shown in the photo.
- The mortar on the walls is leveled with large spatulas, trowels and rules. In this case, the surface is rubbed until it is even and smooth.
- The stucco mixture on the walls is left to dry.
- Other sections of the wall are prepared for decoration, the corners are adjusted.
- All stages of the process machine plaster controlled by building levels.
- The last operation is the elimination of small scratches and protrusions, surface grouting with a special sponge.
What mixture is used for devices
For plastering devices, mixtures are produced:
- Dry.
- Liquid.
They can process surfaces from:
- Drywall (cm. How to plaster drywall and whether to do it).
- Concrete.
- Reinforced concrete slabs.
- Brickswhich may be:
- silicate;
- hollow;
- ceramic.
- Aerated concrete.
- Aerated concrete.
Tip: The prepared solution should be used at temperatures ranging from 5 ° C to 29 ° C. Before the start of the plaster, a primer is applied corresponding to the type of surface to be treated.
Besides:
- A special composition of plaster is used to fix the angular profile.
- For plastering facades, mortar is made from mixtures that are intended for this type of work.
- For interior decoration, it is better to use gypsum-based mixtures. They are used to level the surfaces of ceilings and walls in rooms with low humidity. Gypsum plaster allows the surface to be made more even, smooth, with high strength and environmentally friendly.
How to make a plastering machine
A home-made plastering device, like an industrial unit, allows you to apply the solution faster and better than manually. One of them can be a homemade pneumatic bucket or a small hopper.
This, not very complex, device allows you to apply the solution to the walls with virtually no loss, very quickly, without special preparation. As an additional material for the independent manufacture of the device, the video in this article is proposed.
Tip: A fixture of this type is designed for finishing large areas, for plastering the entire building. With small amounts of cultivated area, more time will be required to install the apparatus, and after completion of work, subsequent washing it.
The advantages of the device, compared with the manual process, are:
- The rate of application of the solution increases by about 2.5 times, without loss of coating quality - the created jet pressure promotes adhesion.
- Finishing can be performed using various impurities and fibers.
- The solution can be applied to the walls indoors and outdoors.
- The device is easy to clean. To facilitate maintenance, it is better to make a container of stainless or galvanized steel. Pneumatics simply need to be blown with a working stream of air, after which all parts must be dried.
To make such a pneumatic mechanism, first of all, it is necessary to understand by what principle it works, which will facilitate assembly of the pneumatic bucket.
The action of the device is performed in the following sequence:
- From the compressor, a stream of air through a hose enters the bucket, which is filled with a solution.
- On the opposite wall of the tank there are holes for pushing out the mixture under the pressure of the air.
- With a tilt, the front wall of the bucket is made, this will allow more efficiently scooping out the mixture from the container where it is prepared in advance.
Tip: To prevent the solution from spilling when applied to the ceiling, a small cover should be made on the top of the hopper, which will cover only a third of the hole on the side from which air will be supplied.
- A nozzle serving as a nozzle is put on the pneumatic hose, its inner diameter should be 5 millimeters, and the diameter of the outlet should be 12 millimeters.
- The nozzle is adjustable so that from it to the front wall, or to the outlet, the distance is approximately 20 millimeters. In this case, the lower part of the bucket can be much larger: 50 × 50 millimeters or 70 × 70 millimeters.
- The material for the manufacture of the structure is chosen very different from any improvised parts. It is important that the principle is observed: the solution falls down through a narrow space and is pushed out by air.
For example, if the distance to the front wall from the nozzle increases to 100 millimeters, almost all pneumatic power will go to the solution resistance, and only bubbles and too weak solution outflow through the outlet will be observed at the top of the tank.
- On the sides of the bucket is fixed with two clamps mounted on the edges of the hopper and the nozzle itself. In this case, the bucket receives three fulcrum. Clamps can be welded, fixed with rivets, the front part must be fixed on a threaded connection.
Tip: When plastering with an air bucket, a thicker solution is required.
- A gun is connected to the compressor through a hose, in this case a pressure of two to three atmospheres is required: with a larger value, the spray will inflate, with a smaller one there will be no jet.
- When plastering, the distance to the outlet from the wall is selected approximately 18 centimeters, and the thickness of the layer is adjusted as necessary.
Tip: To increase the speed of work, you should make more nozzles and outlets. In any case, the hose is left alone.
The use of any mechanical apparatus facilitates the process of plastering surfaces.
