Plaster repair: work stages

Gusevsky Andrey Anatolyevich

Grinding plaster during repair

Repair of fallen plaster on the wall may be necessary in many cases: due to shrinkage of the building, mechanical damage, improper application of the plaster layer or the use of low-quality materials. All this ultimately leads to the need to repair plaster on the walls. How to make home repairs with your own hands, plaster for the production of work and the nuances of its implementation will tell the article.

Reasons that cause coating defects

Damage to the plaster layer are of two types:

• Technological.
• Operational.

The technological ones that arise due to irregularities in the preparation of the solution or errors when coating the surface include:

• Bloating. Plaster may fall off due to improperly selected mortar composition. The use of uncured lime, which contains uncombusted particles, in the preparation of the mixture can create the possibility of the formation of small swellings on the walls. These voids, over time, will lead to damage to the coating. To avoid such problems, the area where the bubbles form must be thoroughly cleaned of plaster and again apply a mixture of a better composition.
• Cracks. They appear when using poorly mixed or fatty solutions, including a large number of binders. Cracks can also occur when the walls dry out very quickly. To avoid this, it is necessary to carefully maintain the correct ratio of all components when preparing the plaster and mix it very carefully before using the mass.

Tip: When processing walls in hot weather, you should protect the surface from quick drying by periodic moistening.

If cracks appear, minor repairs and grinding of the plaster with a solution or dough of gypsum is necessary. Too large gaps:

1. expand;
2. are cleared;
3. get wet;
4. close up with plaster.

• Stucco from the wall may peel offthat may appear due to two reasons:

1. application of the solution was carried out on a very dry wall;
2. another solution with a lower strength was used.

To get rid of such troubles, the area where the coating peeled off, you must:

1. to clear;
2. wet well;
3. Recoat with solution.

Tip: Before starting such work, you should carefully examine the entire wall and determine the places where the coating exfoliates. When preparing the mixture and applying it to the wall, it is necessary to change the strength of the composition in decreasing order: the first layer should have greater strength than the next.

• Swelling. It differs from peeling in that it arises from the application of plaster on a too wet surface. To remove this defect you need:

1. clean the affected area well;
2. dry the wall;
3. Coat the surface with mortar again.

The cause of the plaster falling off is the defects that arise from the aging of the coating, which leads to:

1. To the appearance of cracks.
2. The occurrence of peeling.

They do not appear immediately, but after a certain time. To prevent such defects or to eliminate them in a timely manner, it is necessary to regularly inspect the coating and carry out repairs, if necessary.

Stucco wall defects

How to repair plaster

If the plaster has fallen off, apartment renovation is carried out.The plasterer, invited to carry out the work, first removes the old coat with a sharp tool, scraping the old mortar from the wall.

Tip: When self-cleaning a specific area, you need to capture a small space around its perimeter.

Surface cleaning

Defect repair instruction:

• The damaged area is cleaned of old plaster (seeHow to remove old plaster from walls without problems).
• One way is tapping the wall, which will cause the coating to fall off the wall.
• On the opened masonry, mortar is scraped from all the seams to a depth of at least 1.5 centimeters.
• The treated area is cleaned of dust.
• The surface is moistened with water.
• A liquid cement mixture is prepared and the wall is covered with it.
• After the primer hardens, a lime solution is prepared.

Tip: To make the wall dry faster, add a little gypsum dough to the composition: for 6 parts of the mixture, one part of the gypsum dough is taken.

• The surface to be treated is coated with the resulting composition, and then rubbed with a trowel.
• Glue paint is processed, and then the borders of the new and old coatings are overwritten.
• All joints are carefully smoothed, which will protect the wall from the appearance of bumps or depressions on its surface.
• Throughout the treated area is carried out with a damp sponge or brush.

These are the main stages of repair. Plaster in addition to walls, should be applied to corners.

For this:

• A gypsum mixture is being prepared (see Dry plaster gypsum mixture: features of use).
• The corner is cleared of an old covering.
• Scraped seams.
• The surface is wetted with water.
• The angle is covered with a fresh solution:

1. initially one side of the corner;
2. the surface remains until the composition completely hardens.

• A wet board is placed next to it, close to the old coating layer.

Plastering at an angle

• The other side of the corner is wetted and plastered in the same way.
• The boundaries between the solutions of the old and new coatings are overwritten.

How to carry out repairs, stages, stucco moldings is shown in detail in the video in this article.

How to grind plaster

To increase the life of the plaster without repair, it should be updated periodically. On any surface, small cracks begin to appear from time to time. To prevent this, you can grind the entire top layer of the coating.

For this:

• Old wallpaper is removed from the wall (cm.How to remove old paper wallpapers without problems) Too firmly held on the surface of the walls of the paper should be soaked and scraped with a suitable tool. The remnants of wallpaper glue or paste are washed off with warm water.
• Paint is also cleaned with a spatula from the wall.

Tip: When working with the tool, care must be taken so that deep scratches do not remain on the coating, otherwise they will have to be subsequently coated with putty. Water-soluble paint is simply washed off.

• Grinding is performed by zones. In this case, an area of ​​about 0.5 m? and slightly moistened.
• Using a special grater, a small layer of plaster is applied to the surface. Separate strokes are made in increments of 10 centimeters.
• The machined area is gently rubbed with circular movements of the selected tool.
• The remains of minor defects are once again covered by a small amount of composition.

How to repair cracks

If there are very noticeable cracks on the wall surface, they are coated separately.

For this:

• Defects deepen a little.
• Crumbled edges are cut off.
• Cracks are covered with plaster.
• After solidification, the wall is frayed.

Cracks formed in the joints at reinforced concrete floors are covered with a solution based on fine sand. Then the surface is well leveled and rubbed.

How to restore Venetian plaster

Repairing this type of coating requires more time, effort and its price will be higher.

The work includes several stages:

• The damaged plaster layer is removed from the wall.
• The surface is cleaned.
• Preparing a solution of PVA glue:

1. one piece of glue;
2. five parts of water are added;
3. everything mixes well until smooth.

• The wall is covered with the prepared mixture, while areas along the perimeter of the damaged area should be captured.
• A base coat of plaster is applied.
• Remains to dry.
• The surface area is treated with a finishing plaster layer, which performs a decorative function.
• The decorative coating with a sponge or special spatulas gives the same texture as the rest of the wall, until the border between the facings - old and new - is visible.
• After the restored area has dried, it is painted in the desired color, as shown in the photo.

A restored plot of Venetian plaster

How to repair dry plaster

Repair of surfaces that are lined with sheets of dry plaster is carried out with the removal of voids, the thickness of which is from 10 millimeters. In these places, the sheets can be pressed through, which requires repair.

There are two ways to do this:

• Using pieces of dry plaster, cardboard or plywood. Wherein:

1. the repaired place is cut off;
2. a patch of the same shape is cut from the selected material;
3. under the repaired area, the surface is well cleaned of dust and dirt;
4. wetted by water;
5. gypsum dough is prepared or gypsum paste is used and applied to the place of repair with sculptures;
6. sculptures are made above the existing cladding by 1-1.5 centimeters;
7. a patch is applied to them and pressed to the surface;
8. after 40 minutes, when the solution or mastic has dried, the seams are smeared with them;
9. the surface is carefully leveled flush with the lining.

• Gypsum mixed with sand (1: 3). In this case:

1. the edges around the repaired area are cut off;
2. the surface is cleaned;
3. a roller is prepared from ordinary paper, which is placed in the space between the plaster sheet and the wall, retreating the roller about one centimeter from the edges of the edges;
4. the surface is wetted by water;
5. preparing a gypsum mortar;
6. the composition is applied under the edges of the plaster, gradually filling it with all the repaired place;
7. the surface is leveled;
8. rubbed flush with the plaster.

Timely and high-quality repair of the plastered surface will significantly increase its service life.